In this Article today we will cover about the What is Surveying | Purpose of Surveying | Principles of Surveying | Primary Division of Surveying | To Work from the Whole to the Part | To Work from the Part to the Whole | Types of Surveying | Land Surveying | Definition of Surveying in Civil Engineering
In this Article today we will cover about the What is Surveying | Purpose of Surveying | Principles of Surveying | Primary Division of Surveying | To Work from the Whole to the Part | To Work from the Part to the Whole | Types of Surveying | Land Surveying | Definition of Surveying in Civil Engineering
What is Surveying?
OR
- The process of determining by measurement, the relative positions of points above, on, or beneath the earth surface, in order to produce map or plan (which shows feature of the surface) in horizontal or vertical plane.
- Normally determining position in Horizontal plane is called surveying.
- Determining relative heights or elevation of different positions on the earth surface is called leveling.
- Surveying and leveling are considered as distinct operations, however in broad sense, the term surveying includes leveling.
Purpose of Surveying?
- The main object of surveying is the preparation of maps or plans which are the basis in planning and design of engineering project.
- such as route location of railway line, roads and water supply scheme.
Principles of Surveying
- To work from the whole to the part
- To work from the part to the whole
To work from the whole to the part
i) “ to work from whole to part”. For surveying Establish control points with high precision by use of Triangulation and precise levelling. Area is further divided into triangle.
it reduces error.
ii) to fix the position of new stations by at-least two independent processes – By linear and Angular
To work from the part to the whole
- In this method error increase.
- Work is carried out from part to whole.
- Error off all individual parts will add up.
Primary Division of Surveying
- Geodetic Survey
- Plane survey
1. Geodetic Survey
- When survey extends over a large areas more than 250 sq. km. and degree of accuracy is also great. The curvature of earth is taken into account.
- Geodetic survey is used to provide control points to which small surveys can be connected.
- Used for widely spread points.
2. Plane Survey
- For small projects covering Area less than 250 sq.km.
- Earth curvature is not taken into account .
- Earth surface is considered as plane.
Conclusion:
Full article on What is Surveying | Purpose of Surveying | Principles of Surveying | Primary Division of Surveying | To Work from the Whole to the Part | To Work from the Part to the Whole | Types of Surveying | Land Surveying | Definition of Surveying in Civil Engineering. Thank you for the full reading of this article in "QA QC Civil Engineering" platform in English. If you find this post helpful, then help others by sharing it on social media.
Full article on What is Surveying | Purpose of Surveying | Principles of Surveying | Primary Division of Surveying | To Work from the Whole to the Part | To Work from the Part to the Whole | Types of Surveying | Land Surveying | Definition of Surveying in Civil Engineering. Thank you for the full reading of this article in "QA QC Civil Engineering" platform in English. If you find this post helpful, then help others by sharing it on social media.