Practical and Basic Knowledge of Civil Engineering | Top 50 Interview Questions

Practical and Basic Knowledge of Civil Engineering:

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Top 50 Civil Engineering Interview Questions and Answers:

1. Gravel, sand and/or marl materials-maximum size shall be 75mm for backfilling.

2. Note: If ½ of lift thickness is less than 75mm, the maximum sieve size allowed shall be equal to ½ of lift thickness.

3. Select fill are composed only of inorganic materials and are free of frozen lumps, trash, or other unsatisfactory materials.

4. Maximum size of sand and gravel materials being received shall be 75mm diameter particles.

5. Whenever the presence of underground pipes, cables, vessels or structures is known or suspected, mechanical excavations shall not be used until all such obstructions have been exposed by hand digging.

6. Mechanical excavators shall not be used within 3 meters (10 feet) of any obstruction.

7. Excavations adjacent to existing underground installations (e.g., foundations, piping, manholes, electrical and duct banks) or sidewalks shall use bracing and shoring to protect them.

8. Any excavation or trench with a minimum depth of 1.2 m (4 ft) or when soil banks are greater than 1.5 m (5 ft), shoring shall be installed or the sides shall be sloped or benched and treated as a confined space.

9. Clear space on all sides of excavation shall be at least 0.6 m Safe entry and exit to excavation/ trenches shall be provided every 7.5m.

10. Fill material shall be placed in lifts not exceeding 200mm in loose depth, fill material shall be placed in lifts not exceeding 100mm in loose depth for hand-operated compaction.

Fill and backfill adjacent to any type of structure shall not be compacted with heavy equipment; Hand operated equipment shall be used within 1.2 meters of any structures.

11. Compaction shall begin only after the fill or backfill has been properly placed and the material to be compacted is at the proper moisture content. +/- 3% of the optimum moisture content per ASTM D1557 or ASTM D698, whichever is applicable? (PIP-CVS02100, Sec. 4.3.2.3)

12. When the backfill material cannot clearly be classified as cohesive or cohesion less both relative density and Proctor density tests must be performed. The backfill shall then be compacted to the greater density.

13. The compaction requirement for base course shall not be less than 100% of the maximum laboratory dry density as determined by ASTM D1557 or AASHTO T180.

14. The compaction requirement for sub base shall not be less than 95% of the maximum laboratory dry density as determined by ASTM D1557 or AASHTO T180.

15. The depth of the test holes shall be no greater than 300mm (12 inches) deep. (ASTM D 2922, Sec. 1.1)

16. Cohesive fill under footings, grade beams, mats, buildings and process areas shall have been compacted to at least 90% of Modified Proctor Density to ASTM D1557 or per project requirements, whichever is higher.

17. Fill under foundations with loads exceeding 320kPa (6500psf), vibrating or heavy equipment and pavements shall have been compacted to 85% of relative density for Cohesion less soils or 95% of maximum density per ASTM D1557 or per project requirements, whichever is higher.

18. Concrete fireproofing shall be either cast-in-place, precast or gunite with a minimum thickness of 50mm (2").

19. The fireproofing concrete shall be a dense (structural) concrete with 28 day design compressive strength shall be 28 MPa (4000 psi).

20. All fireproofing concrete shall be chamfered as follows: Pipe Supports-50 mm, Beams- 5 mm, Columns (except pipes): 25 mm, Angles:-25 mm

21. A clearance of 30 mm shall be maintained between the vessel surface and the fireproofing material on support legs, skirts, and saddles.

22. A clearance of 30 mm shall be provided between a sliding surface and the fireproofing material on a sliding support.

23. Vessel support legs shall be fireproofed from grade up to a level 30 mm below the contact line/surface between the legs and vessel.

24. Concrete fireproofing shall be water cured by covering with wet burlap and 0.15mm plasticized sheet vapor barrier.

25. Maximum total dissolved solids in water used for curing shall not exceed 1000 parts per million.

26. Water curing shall be continuous until compressive strength has reached 70% of the specified strength but not less than 7 days after placement.

27. Concrete surfaces (such as acid waste neutralizing tanks) that have been in prolonged contact with acids require a minimum soak of 24 hours at a pH of 6-8, agitating the solution during soaking.

28. A strip of pH Test Paper is dipped in the rinse water remaining on the surface. The pH reading obtained should not be more than 1.0 pH units lower or 2.0 pH units higher than readings taken on the fresh water rinse before being applied to the concrete surface.

29. After rinsing, force air dry surfaces for at least 24 hours prior to making any repairs to the concrete.

30. Coating shall not be applied when the substrate temperature is less than 10°C; or less than 3°C above dew point.

31. Coating shall not be applied when wind is strong enough to blow sand, salt spray, or other foreign matter onto the surface being coated.

32. Surfaces with sharp corners and subject to immersion conditions shall be rounded by forming a fillet with approximately 25 mm radius using an epoxy grout.

33. No rock shall protrude through the clean sand pipe bedding layer at the bottom of any pipe trench.

34. Sand pads or sand bags at 9 meters maximum spacing shall be placed at the bottom of the trench to support the pipe 100mm off the prepared bottom.

35. The top of the pipe shall be below the level of the construction road by at least 100mm.

36. For piping installation the side of the fill shall not be steeper than 35 degrees.

37. The width of the sand pad shall be 3m in Sabkha areas and is required on only one side of the pipeline.

38. When the buried pipeline is installed through a river bottom, wadi or other places where water run-off occurs, concrete coated pipe shall be used.

39. The bottom of the trench shall be free of rocks and other materials that can damage the pipe or its coating material.

40. Slings for lifting pipe shall be nylon or similar material to prevent damage to the pipe surfaces; Wire rope slings shall not be used.

41. Internally coated pipe shall be handled from the outside diameter (O.D.) only. Pipe shall not be rolled or dropped off of trucks.

42. Open ends of pipe strings shall be capped to prevent entry of debris or animals and birds at the end of every day.

43. LPG Lines, gas lines and oil well flow lines in trenches shall have a minimum cover of 900mm, all others shall have 600mm.

44. The top of the pipe shall be 100mm below finished grade in Sabkha area, subkha area is near the sea.

45. The top of pipe shall be 50mm below original grade in rippable rock or hard marl areas.

46. In active sand dune areas, the backfill shall be stabilized with marl of 152mm minimum depth, other stable material, or weathered crude oil with a minimum of 13mm penetration.

47. Where the line passes through a sand dune, the width of leveled, stabilized right-of-way shall be 3m on each side of the pipeline plus 1m for every 1m of dune height in both the "cut" and "fill" areas.

48. For standard units, in concrete masonry unite no overall dimension (width, height, and length) shall differ by more than ±3.2mm from the specified dimensions.

49. For molded face units, no overall dimension (width, height, and length) shall differ by more than 3.2mm from the specified dimensions.

50. For hot weather, when the ambient temperature exceeds 100°F (38°C), the temperature of mortar shall be maintained below 120°F (49°C). Mortar shall not be used within 2 hours of initial mixing.

Conclusion:

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